Different Learning Theories Of Human Resource Development

Knowing a individuals larning manner enables larning to be orientated harmonizing to the preferable method. That said, everyone responds to and needs the motive of all types of larning manners to one extent or another – it ‘s a affair of utilizing importance that fits best with the given state of affairs and a individual ‘s acquisition manner penchants. Kolb ‘s larning theory sets out four different larning manners, which are based on a four phase larning rhythm. In this regard Kolb ‘s theoretical account is peculiarly elegant, since it offers both a manner to understand single people ‘s different acquisition manners, and besides an account of a rhythm of experiential acquisition that applies to us all. Diverging ( experiencing and watching – CE/RO ) Assimilating ( watching and believing – AC/RO ) Converging ( making and believing – AC/AE ) Accommodating ( making and experiencing – CE/AE ) Diverging people are able to look at things from different positions. They are sensitive. They prefer to watch instead than make, be givening to garner information and usage imaginativeness to work out jobs. They are best at sing concrete state of affairss several different point of views. Kolb called this manner ‘Diverging ‘ because these people perform better in state of affairss that require ideas-generation, for illustration, brainstorming. Peoples with a Diverging acquisition manner have wide cultural involvements and like to roll up information. They are interested in people, be likely to be originative and emotional, and be given to be strong in the humanistic disciplines. Peoples with the Diverging manner prefer to work in groups, to listen with an unfastened head and to have personal feedback. The Assimilating acquisition penchant is for a summarizing, logical attack. Ideas and constructs are more of import than people. These people require good clear account instead than practical chance. They do highly good at understanding broad runing information and forming it a clear logical format. Peoples with an Absorbing acquisition manner are less focussed on people and more interested in thoughts and abstract constructs. Peoples with this manner are more attracted to logically sound theories than attacks based on practical value. These learning manner people are of import for effectivity in information and scientific discipline callings. In formal acquisition state of affairss, people with this manner prefer readings, talks, researching analytical theoretical accounts, and holding clip to believe things through. For an illustration people who prefer the ‘Assimilating ‘ learning manner will non be comfy being thrown in at the deep terminal without notes and instructions. Converging people with a Converging learning manner can work out jobs and will utilize their acquisition to happen solutions to utile issues. They prefer proficient undertakings, and are less concerned with people and interpersonal facets. Peoples with a Converging acquisition manner are best at happening practical utilizations for thoughts and theories. They can work out jobs and do determinations by happening solutions to inquiries and jobs. Peoples with a Converging acquisition manner are more attracted to proficient undertakings and jobs than societal or interpersonal issues. A Converging acquisition manner enables high-quality and engineering abilities. Peoples with a Converging manner like to prove with new thoughts, to imitate, and to work with practical applications. The Accommodating acquisition manner is ‘hands-on ‘ , and relies on perceptual experience instead than logic. These people use other people ‘s analysis, and prefer to take a practical, experiential attack. They are attracted to new challenges and experiences, and to transporting out programs. They normally act on ‘gut ‘ inherent aptitude instead than logical analysis. Peoples with an Suiting acquisition manner will be given to trust on others for information than carry out their ain analysis. This learning manner is common and utile in functions necessitating action and enterprise. Peoples with an Suiting acquisition manner prefer to work in squads to finish undertakings. They set marks and actively work in the field seeking different ways to accomplish an aim. Peoples who like prefer to utilize an ‘Accommodating ‘ learning manner are likely to go defeated if they are forced to read tonss of instructions and regulations, and are unable to acquire custodies on experience every bit shortly as possible. However most people clearly display clear strong penchants for a given acquisition manner. The ability to utilize or ‘switch between ‘ different manners is non one that we should presume comes easy or of course to many people. Basically, people who have a clear acquisition manner penchant, for whatever ground, will be given to larn more efficaciously if acquisition is orientated harmonizing to their penchant. Honey and Mumford acquisition manners Honey and Mumford ( 1982 ) have built a typology of Learning Styles around this rhythm, placing single penchants for each phase ( Activist, Reflector, Theorist, and Pragmatist severally ) ; Kolb besides has a trial instrument ( the Learning Style Inventory ) but has carried it farther by associating the procedure besides to signifiers of cognition. Anonymous, ( 2010 ) There are four features of larning manners, Militant Theorist Pragmatist Reflector Militants involve themselves wholly and without unfairness in new experiences. They enjoy the here and now, and are happy to be dominated by immediate experiences. They are open-minded, non discrediting, and this tends to do them excited about anything new. Their doctrine is: â€Å" I ‘ll seek anything one time † . They tend to move first and see the effects afterwards. Their yearss are filled with activity. They tackle jobs by brainstorming. Equally shortly as the stimulation from one activity has died down they are busy looking for the following. They tend to increase on the challenge of new experiences but are bored with execution and longer term consolidation. They are gregarious people invariably affecting themselves with others but, in making so ; they seek to center all activities on themselves. For an illustration, those people who learn by making. Militants need to acquire their custodies dirty, to plunge in with both pess foremost. Have an open-minded attack to acquisition, affecting themselves to the full and without prejudices in new experiences. Brainstorming job resolution, group treatment, competitions and function drama, these are the activities of Militants. Theorists adapt and combine observations into complex but logically sound theories. They think jobs through in a perpendicular, bit-by-bit logical manner. They learn disparate facts into logical theories. They tend to be perfectionists who wo n't rest easy until things are tidy and fit into a normal proposal. They like to analyze and unite. They are acute on basic premises, rules, theories theoretical accounts and systems believing. Their doctrine awards reason and logic. â€Å" If it ‘s logical it ‘s good. † Questions they often ask are: â€Å" Does it do sense? † â€Å" How does this tantrum with that? † â€Å" What are the basic premises? † They tend to be detached, analytical and dedicated to rational objectiveness instead than anything subjective or equivocal. Their attack to jobs is systematically logical. This is their ‘mental set ‘ and they stiffly reject anything that does n't suit with it. They prefer to maximise certainty and experience uncomfortable with subjective judgements, sidelong thought and anything light-minded. For an illustration, scholars like to understand the theory behind the actions. They need theoretical accounts, constructs and facts in order to prosecute in the acquisition procedure. Prefer to analyze and synthesise, pulling new information into a systematic and logical ‘theory ‘ . Pragmatists are acute on seeking out thoughts, theories and techniques to see if they work in pattern. They positively search out new thoughts and take the first chance to research with applications. They are the kind of people who return from classs full with new thoughts that they want to seek out in pattern. They like to acquire on with things and act rapidly and confidently on thoughts that attract them. They tend to be impatient with ruminating and open-ended treatments. They are basically practical, down to earth people who like doing practical determinations and work outing jobs. They respond to jobs and chances ‘as a challenge ‘ . Their doctrine is â€Å" There is ever a better manner † and â€Å" If it works its good † . For an illustration, people need to be able to see how to set the acquisition into pattern in the existent universe. Abstract constructs and games are of limited usage unless they can see a manner to set the thoughts into action in their lives. Experimenters, seeking out new thoughts, theories and techniques to see if they work Reflector like to stand back to chew over experiences and detect them from many different positions. They collect informations, both first manus and from others, and prefer to believe about it carefully before coming to a decision. The thorough aggregation and analysis of informations about experiences and events is what counts so they tend to reschedule making unequivocal decisions for every bit long as possible. Their doctrine is to be careful. They are thoughtful people who like to see all possible angles and deductions before doing a move. They prefer to take a back place in meetings and treatments. They enjoy detecting other people in action. They listen to others and acquire the impetus of the treatment before doing their ain points. They tend to follow a low profile and have a somewhat distant, tolerant relaxed air about them. When they act it is portion of a broad image which includes the yesteryear every bit good as the present and others ‘ observations every bit good as their ain. For an illustration, people learn by detecting and believing about what happened. They may avoid jumping in and prefer to watch from the out of boundss. Prefer to stand back and position experiences from a figure of different positions, roll uping informations and taking the clip to work towards an appropriate decision.Learning TheoriesThe Behaviorist Approach Some of our acquisition comes approximately as a response to a stimulation. We are larning from our detectors. We react to something outside ourselves. If the consequence is good for us, we learn to respond in similar manner in a similar state of affairs, while if the consequence is bad, we learn non to make that once more. This is the basic thought of the Behaviorist Approach which can be traced back to the work of Pavlov ( 1927 ) who taught Canis familiariss to salivate at the sound of a bell. Behaviorist dressed ores on modifying behaviour by support. Behavior that is seen as positive or good is reinforced by wagess. For an illustration auto insurance is reduced if you do non do a claim. Most people have experienced both positive and negative support. We can see that behaviourist larning theories have their strengths. However, this attack to acquisition has been critized as mechanistic and be givening to concentrate merely on certain behaviour. There is grounds to propose that support may necessitate changeless topping-up to stay effectual. Anonymous, ( 2010 ) The Cognitive Approach If some of our acquisition is reactive, some acquisition can besides be described as positive. That is we seek out information and attempt to do sense of it in order to understand better our universe and our topographic point in it. This is the footing of cognitive theories of acquisition, which make usage of the work of research workers such as Kohler ( 1925 ) and Piaget ( 1950 ) . Kohler worked with apes and Piaget concentrated on kid development, but their consequences have been applied more widely. For the cognitive, the cardinal characteristic of human existences for acquisition is that we are intelligent searchers. Harmonizing to cognitive attacks, we invariably find that our experience of the universe does non rather fit the manner we see the universe, and we try to make something about the misfit. We seek new information, we adjust our position of the universe, and we may make a new manner of seeing the universe. There are clear connexions here with some of the elements we noted earlier in the different phases of the acquisition procedure. The Social Learning Approach The societal acquisition theory proposed by Albert Bandura has become possibly the most of import theory of larning and development. While ingrained in many of the basic constructs of traditional acquisition theory, Bandura believed that direct support could non account for all types of acquisition. His theory added a societal component, reasoning that people can larn new information and behaviours by watching other people. Known as experimental acquisition ( or patterning ) , this type of acquisition can be used to explicate a broad assortment of behaviours. Psychology, ( 2010 ) Basic Social Learning Concepts 1. Peoples can larn through observation. Observational Learning In his celebrated â€Å" Bobo doll † surveies, Bandura established that kids learn and reproduce behaviours they have observed in other people. The kids in Bandura ‘s surveies observed an grownup moving sharply toward a Bobo doll. When the kids were subsequently allowed to play in a room with the Bobo doll, they began to reproduce the aggressive actions they had antecedently observed. Bandura identified three basic theoretical accounts of experimental acquisition: A unrecorded theoretical account, which involves an existent single representative or moving out a behaviour. A verbal instructional theoretical account, which involves descriptions and accounts of a behaviour. A symbolic theoretical account, which involves existent or fictional characters exposing behaviours in books, movies, telecasting plans, or on-line media. 2. Mental provinces are of import to larning. Intrinsic Support Bandura noted that external, environmental support was non the lone factor to act upon acquisition and behaviour. He described indispensable support as a signifier of internal wages, such as pride, satisfaction, and a sense of achievement. This accent on internal ideas and knowledges helps link larning theories to cognitive developmental theories. While many text editions place societal larning theory with behavioural theories, Bandura himself describes his attack as a ‘social cognitive theory. ‘ 3. Learning does non needfully take to a alteration in behaviour. While behaviourists believed that larning led to a lasting alteration in behaviour, experimental acquisition demonstrates that people can larn new information without showing new behaviours. The Modeling Procedure Not all observed behaviours are efficaciously learned. Factors affecting both the theoretical account and the scholar can play a function in whether societal acquisition is successful. Certain demands and stairss must besides be followed. The undermentioned stairss are involved in the experimental acquisition and patterning procedure:Attention:In order to larn, you need to be paying attending. Anything that detracts your attending is traveling to hold a negative consequence on experimental acquisition. If the theoretical account interesting or there is a fresh facet to the state of affairs, you are far more likely to give your full attending to acquisition.Retention:The ability to hive away information is besides an of import portion of the acquisition procedure. Retention can be affected by a figure of factors, but the ability to draw up information subsequently and move on it is critical to experimental acquisition.Reproduction:Once you have paid attending to the theoretical accoun t and retained the information, it is clip to really execute the behaviour you observed. Further pattern of the erudite behaviour leads to betterment and skill promotion.Motivation:Finally, in order for experimental acquisition to be successful, you have to be motivated to copy the behaviour that has been modeled. Support and penalty play an of import function in motive. While sing these incentives can be extremely effectual, so can detecting other experience some type of support or penalty. For illustration, if you see another pupil rewarded with excess recognition for being to category on clip, you might get down to demo up a few proceedingss early each twenty-four hours. Psychology, ( 2010 )Learning CurveA acquisition curve is a graphical representation of the altering rate of acquisition ( in the mean individual ) for a given activity or tool. Normally, the addition in keeping of information is sharpest after the primary efforts, and so on a regular basis evens out, intending th at less and less new information is retained after each duplicate. The larning curve can besides stand for at a glimpse the initial trouble of larning something and, to an extent, how much there is to larn after early cognition. For illustration, the Windows plan Notepad is highly simple to larn, but offers little after this. On the other extreme is the UNIX terminus editor VI, which is hard to larn, but offers a broad array of characteristics to get the hang after the user has figured out how to work it. It is possible for something to be easy to larn, but hard to get the hang or hard to larn with small beyond this. Wikipedia, ( 2010 )

Marketing Plan Executive Summary Essay

{Insert Name Here} provides the best in patient centered healthcare North Decatur has to offer. {Insert} will provide quality healthcare in a number of specialties, having a primary focus on our Heart and Vascular Center services. As our hospital continues to grow, we are devoted to staying up to date and providing our patients with cutting edge technology options, while caring for them wholeheartedly. Many of our premier services we offer to our patients are those in our Heart and Vascular Center, where interventional procedures are taking place every day in order to prevent our patients from having to undergo open-heart surgeries and being transferred to tertiary facilities. The Heart & Vascular Center is equipped with state-of-the-art procedure rooms that offer patients the most advanced form of cardiovascular imaging in the area. We employ the latest heart care and vascular technology which provides the ability to perform both cardiac and peripheral vascular procedures on a singl e system. Our technology gives detailed diagnostic information that leads to effective treatments of heart and vascular diseases. This up to date equipment is at the fingertips of our physicians allowing them to perform intricate procedures such as placing balloons, stents and other therapeutic agents in vessels requiring treatment. By informing our service area and the general public of our competent and well educated cardiology specialists and elegant state-of-the-art amenities through grassroots outlets and direct contact, {Insert} will quickly gain more market share. We will also provide benchmarked customer service and flexibility. Targeted consumers of our services will be those individuals and families in nearby communities at higher risks of contracting cardiovascular diseases due to lifestyle choices, family history, and certain demographics. These patients are usually referred after admittance to our facility or by other health care professionals such as primary care physicians, outside specialists, or extended care facilities. Our hospital has already developed an excellent reputation with many of these professionals, but plans to align ourselves with even more community health providers in order to attract more patrons in our service area. We also will also utilize data obtained from the Georgia Hospital Association to solicit consumers in our service area  directly. There are currently two other hospitals that serve North Decatur. One is a research based hospital located less than ten miles away from our location. Due to the lack of highly skilled physicians specializing in interventional cardiovascular procedures, we believe that once this is communicated with our service network, interest in their cardiovascular services will decline greatly. The other hospital currently operating in our area only markets in to small number of our targeted zip codes; they also do not offer the unique blend of specialty care and patient engagement which {Insert} will be providing.Objectives Increase brand awareness, evidenced by an increase in unsolicited requests for services. Increase customer referrals by 7% per quarter.  80% of Customer Satisfaction Surveys returned indicating satisfaction with services. Respectable gross sales by the end of first year. Keys to Success Professional quality of services offered Reliability — being available through on-call, and adequate staffing Effective collaboration with other community professionals (physicians, extended care facilities, and other organizations) Steadfast engagement with our home community, organizations, and clubs

“Life is the most Spectacular Show on Earth!”- Sara Gruen, Water for Elephants.

â€Å"All I can do is put in time waiting for the inevitable. Observing the ghosts from my past, rattling around in my vacuous present. They crash and bang and make themselves at home, mostly because there's no competition. I've stopped fighting them. † says Jacob Jankowski, who is now ninety (or ninety three). Mr. Jankowski reflects upon memories of himself as a young man, tossed by an unnerving past into the lively world of the circus. Without a home, friend to call, or penny to his name- the circus must be ideal for Jacob, but is it? Page by page, this new life proves to be both a sanctuary and a literal hell for Jacob.Revealing the horrors of the circus, the beauty of all things living, and the reality that life that never stops moving forward, Sara Gruen presents; Water for Elephants- a profound, brilliantly written novel that lives, teaches, and captivates far beyond the last page. â€Å"I had my whole life planned, I knew exactly where it was taking me.. † said J acob Jankowski- before fate threw him into a whole new world; a world filled with freaks and secrets, a world with it's own set of rules, and it's own way of life. A youthful Jacob proves to be intelligent and compassionate, as well as honest and independent.Studying at Cornell, Jacob appears to be on a road to success. One moment he is taking the final exam at Cornell. And the next, Jacob's road to success is taken from beneath his feet. Both of his parents have died in a car accident, now orphaned and without a home or money, Jacob leaves Cornell and before he can blink he has jumped onto a train owned by the Benzini Brothers Most Spectacular Show on Earth. â€Å"Age is a terrible theif. Just when you're getting the hang of life, it knocks your legs out from under you and stoops your back. It makes you ache and muddies your head and silently spreads cancer throughout your spouse.†Says a now older Jacob Jankowski in his ninties, predestined to await his death in a nursing ho me. With his life now behind him, Mr. Jankowski is a defiant, frustrated old man with the same independence he had as a student at Cornell. His soul now weathered, we learn that he is a man with an old soul, he has lived his life honestly. However, life in this home has suffocated his independence, and frustrated him deeply. He feels he is being treated like an animal in the circus, not as a respected human being. He reminises, asking himself many of the questions that we ask ourselves; am I happy?Am I successful? am I at peace?. Mr. Jankowski is a man who lived through one of the biggest circus disasters in history, yet no one has found the time to listen to him, Mr. Jankowski is left alone to reflect on his life. Though his memory fails him at times in the present, his life in the past remains vivid and evident, he recalls every last detail of his life in the circus. Mr. Jankowski's memories, written as he remembers, become the unforgettable story- Water for Elephants. Jacob Janko wski is studying at Cornell, an Ivy league college, he is extremely successfull.At this moment, Jacob seems to have a healthy, successfull life in the palm of his hands, but Jacob soon finds himself in complete despiration, confusion, he has nothing. Both of Jacob's parents have died in a car accident, Jacob is notified that at the time of their death, his parents did not have a dollar to their name. They had stopped paying mortgage, in order to pay for Jacob's tuition. Jacob's home, and all of his parents possesions are now property of the state. Jacob has no friends to call, no money to support himself, and no family other than his deceased parents.Jacob is in shock, he is cold, he feels he is watching himself walk aimlessly throughout life. During Jacob's final exam at Cornell, Jacob discovers that his life has suddenly lost all meaning. Jacob leaves in the middle of his exam, and he never looked back. These events have brought Jacob to a river, where he finds, and boards a train . He did not know where this train was going, or why he was on it. All he knew was that his new life now lied within wherever the train was heading. Jacob finds that this train is owned by Benzini Brother's Most Spectacular Show on Earth. This begins the journey that turned Mr.Jankowski into the man he is today. On the train- Jacob meets Camel, an old, fatherly figure, and a harmless drunk. Camel warns Jacob about life in the circus, and advises him that if he has a home, to go back to it, that life on the train will prove to be more of a nightmare than whatever he's left behind. Jacob assures Camel that he has left nothing behind, all that he has lies ahead of him. With this said, Camel speaks to Uncle Al (the ringmaster), who is very insterested in Jacob. Having an Ivy league veterinarian makes Benzini Brother's one step closer in comparison to their rival, Ringling Brother's.Jacob now has a job, a home, and more or less, a family on the train. Jacob is staying in a car with a per former named Walter, and his dog Queenie. Jacob does his job, and goes far beyond that. He sees that the animals are being mistreated, underfed, and are not supplied with clean water, this is unsettling to Jacob, who does what he can to help these abused animals. Jacob meets August (head of the animal acts) and his wife, Marlena (one of the show's stars, lead of the equestian act). Jacob is attracted to Marlena, but August and other workers have made is clear that Marlena is off limits, and August will do anything to make that clear.Jacob quickly falls in love with life under the big top, and discovers the beauty in circus ‘freaks'. They are all people just like him, with nothing in their past but sorrow, and no way of continuing forward, besides the train. Jacob discovers all the the show's secrets, some beautiful, some horrifying. As the show travels from city to city, the effects of the Great Depression become more apparent, more people get redlighted, less animals get fed, the conditions for all life depending on the Show get drastically worse. Benzini Brothers eventually accumulate a circus elephant named Rosie.She was the ‘great gray hope' the new act that was going to put Benzini Brothers on the map, Rosie would be the salvation of the show. Unfortunately, Rosie is deemed useless. August cannot communicate with her, therefore he cannot train her, and she may not preform and save the show. August's anger and mental instability cause him to abuse her on a regular basis. Jacob sees this, and it upsets him. Jacob learns that Rosie is indeed intellegent, she can be trained, and she can perform. The barrier between August and Rosie was that Rosie did not understand English.With Jacob's help, August trains Rosie in her vernacular- German. Meanwhile, Camel has become incredibly sick. Jacob searches restlessly for answers, from town to town looking for a doctor with answers. Camel has become useless to the show, now paralyzed, and slowly dying, he co uld no longer work. In the times of the Great Depression, Benzini Brothers couldn't afford to feed a man who can't do his job. It is apparent to Walter and Jacob that if Uncle Al hears of Camel's illness, he would be redlighted that evening. Jacob discovers that Camel has Jake Poisoning.Jake Poisoning was common during the 1930s Prohibition Era, it came from drinking Jamacian Ginger extract. Jacob and Walter hid their old, now paralyzed friend in their traincar, planning to meet up with Camel's son in one of the cities of Benzini's performances. Unfortunately, Uncle Al discovers Camel before he could be taken to safety. This is during one of the shows most financially tragic times in the Great Depression, in order to stay in bussiness and be able to feed the animals, they must cut more performers, and more workers. Walter and Camel are redlighted, Jacob escapes death.Jacob and Marlena become closer, they share an unconditional love for the animals, and a passion for eachother. They are both running from their pasts, and reaching out for someone to hold. Their romance must remain secret to ensure their safety. They are cautious, but August suspects that Marlena is unloyal. August becomes progressively more violent, and eventually lashes out- beating both Marlena and Jacob. Marlena explains to Jacob that August charmed her during her earliest days in the circus she felt lust for him and they married, but this perfect image soon turned dark. August was abusive, bipolar, and very angry.In conclusion, Marlena leaves August and is finally able to aknowledge her love her Jacob. A surviving group of men that were redlighted during the Depression catch up with the show, and start an animal riot during one of it's performances. With animals running wild in the bigtop, there is chaos amoungst the performers. During this, Jacob struggles to find Marlena to ensure her safety. As Jacobs eyes lock onto Marlenas, he sees Rosie behind her, lift the stake the once constricted h er from the ground. She ‘lifted the stake high in the air and brought it down splitting his (August's) headlike a watermellon'. Jacob and Marlena live happily together, they marry, and have children. Jacob gets his degree at Cornell, Rosie, Bobo (Jacob’s baboon), and four of Marlena’s beloved horses accompany them in Ringling Brothers Circus. Jacob's children grow up, Marlena dies of cancer, and Jacob retires to a nursing home. prohibition era important to plot- caused camels death. came from jamacian ginger extract, jamacian ginger itself was not dangerous, but during prohibition the government recognized it as a source of alochol, and changed its contents.Setting- Setting greatly impacts the course of this novel. In fact, many of the struggles Jacob faced as a young man in the circus were a direct outcome of the time period this novel was set in. One major setting of this novel is the Benzini Brothers circus. Where a young Jacob runs to in a time of complete de spiration, where he is hired as a veterinarian, meets and falls in love with Marlena, a star in the show. After leaving Benzini Brothers, Marlena and Jacob work at Ringling. This later impacts his life one final time; Mr. Jankowski leaves the nursing home to return to the circus, his real home.In the final pages of this novel, Jacob resorts back to the circus, the only place he feels accepted. Jacob becomes the tickmaster for Ringling. Another main setting of this novel is the retirement home. This retirement home is where he relives his youth, and tells it in story form, which is what we read. It is here that Jacob reflects on his life, and we watch and understand his thoughts and frustrations. This retirement home was set next to a park, Jacob looks out his window and sees the circus is in town, which sets this story into action.In the retirement home, Jacob feels alienated, alone, and forgotten. The time period also greatly effected this novel- both the Great Depression and the 1 930s Prohibition took place during this novel. Due to the Great Depression, the Benzini Brothers Most Spectacular Show on Earth was sturggling financially, resulting in it’s workers being ‘red lighted’. The Prohibition evidentially caused Camel’s death. The prohibition was a national ban of the transport, consumption, and sale in the United States from 1920 to 1930.As a result, the government Jamacian Ginger as a potential alcohol source, and because of this, required manufactures to change its contents before sale. It was later dicovered that these modifications to Jamacian Ginger cause paralayzation, which Camel suffered from. Symbolism- Symbolism is an important, and commonly used element in this novel. One symbol used in this novel is the stake that holds Rosie to the ground. August chained her up, in order to control and confine her. This stake represents captivity, and pain.Later in the novel, this stake also symbolizes freedom. The stake that was on ce used to confine Rose, fulling exposing her to August’s abuse, was used to kill August, freeing Rosie, Marlena, and Jacob. Included in the title, water is another evident symbol in this novel. Throughout the entire novel, water represents purity, and a fresh start. When Jacob left his final exams and walked to the trains, there was a river nearby which he rinsed his feet on. Being by this river led him to the train tracks, which led Jacob to a whole new world.Throughought the book, each of it’s characters carry heavy burdens, mistakes, and haunting memories from the past, water represents an escape from these horrors. The train tracks represent life’s way of continually moving forward, never pausing to wait for it’s passengers. Rosie’s desperation represents the American’s struggle during the Great Depression. Conflict- Man vs. Nature (Barrier between domesticated animals and the humans that try to train and confine, rather than understand them. ), Man vs. Self (Mr. Jankowski vs. Jacob Jankowski), and Man vs. Man (Jacob vs.August over both Marlena and the animals) are all represented throughout this novel. Flashback- Flashback is another literary element used throughout this novel. Flashback greatly impacts the mood of this book, allowing us to see the conflict between young Jacob and old Jacob. This flashback also allows us to see Mr. Jankowski’s yearning for young love, young passion, and feeling accepted. Foreshaowing- Foreshadowing is introduced within the first few pages, revealing to us that Jacob has witnessed a murder, this keeps the reader’s attention, the details of the murder are not revealed until the final chapter.I thoroughly enjoyed this book, page after page it captivated me. I would find myself reading for hours on end, Gruen’s imagery made you, yourself feel like you were living a hectic life in the circus. Each page pulled you farther into a world of freaks, ringmasters, anger, love, and above all, passion. Water for Elephants taught the lifechanging lesson, that in the end, everyone returns home. I storngly suggest this novel to a mature audience who wants to be enchanted by rich memories of the circus, and an old man’s fight to maintain dignity and sanity in a changing world.

Opinion paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Opinion paper - Essay Example exual predators, including uncovering their networks, but the former must be cautious in not abusing its limitations and breaching the Constitutional rights of their targets. Some state laws assert that entrapment is not a legal way of apprehending criminals, depending on the strategies and context involved, but it can be adequate as a strategy for catching real criminals. Officers can pose as juveniles or pimps, and it is appropriate, if this can help them catch true criminals, who are different from â€Å"players.† Players are people who are chatting only because of their perverse sexual fantasies. They do not â€Å"intend† to participate in criminal acts. Law enforcement officers can entrap sexual predators on the Internet, as long as they avoid coaxing and harassing the targets into doing something illegal. They should not force or manipulate their targets through fraud too. James 4:7 says: â€Å"Submit yourselves therefore to God. Resist the devil, and he will flee from you.† If these â€Å"players† are not doers of sexual crimes, they will not be â€Å"entrapped.† If they become entrapped as part of the policeâ₠¬â„¢s undercover operations, then they will meet the force of the law. Resisting the devil is the first step in resisting crimes. When successful, not only will the devil flee, but undercover cops as

Leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words - 3

Leadership - Essay Example This essay discusses that  these leadership duties were performed up to certain extent by Mr. X who is the Director of the Middle East operations in my company. Certain extent in the sense, although he exhibits effective leadership traits during various scenarios, he falls short in some other situations. I work for a heavy-lifting manufacturer, which is one of the top level companies in the world in the sector of lifting. The company is an American one and is made up of two segments, heavy- ­lifting and food making machines, and is a global leader in both. The company has a global reach, with operations all over the world spanning, North America, Asia as far as the manufacturing plants are concerned.  According to the report findings  as leaders are the people in lead, they usually have a major impact on how the group initially defines and sets into an organization. Typically, the founders as leaders have strong assumptions about the nature of the world, the role that organiz ations play in that world, the characteristics that make up human nature and relationships, how truth is arrived at, and how to manage time and space.  This initial stage imposition of leader’s assumptions, as a form of good culture is one of the good leadership traits exhibited by Mr. X. As he is one who is the initiator of operations in Middle East, he started imposing his ideas and assumptions as form a organizational culture and it was widely accepted by the employees.

Hospitality Industry Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Hospitality Industry Management - Essay Example In their analysis, (Elliot et al 2012, 94) agree that Ku-De-Ta Hotels should assess the consequences of total customers in relation to other substitute products offered by rival hotels. It means they should introduce incentives for retaining loyalty program. This will limit the buyer alternatives enjoyed by most customers. Another significant implication involves expansions of economies of scale because of rigid government policy. Australia has complicated legislations of conducting business that often affect industry profitability. Consequently, (Gordon, 2012, 125) believes Ku-De-Ta Hotel deserve to invest in product differentiation to establish a strong brand and customer loyalty. In brand loyalty, threats should be averted by accessing equal distribution of products and services in the new market. It should also invest in modern modes of advertising such as the use of Facebook, Twitter, or blogs to establishing lasting rapport with middle-class clients frequently using technology (Knight, 2013, 114). However, this is only possible by having adequate capital requirements to sustain industry profitability that usually balances the absolute costs of conducting business. Accordingly, (Morrison 2002, 123) assert that capital requirements could be solicited through loans or savings. The entry of new entrants will lead to low threats because of setbacks such as expected competition and low cost benefits. Ku-De-Ta Hotel also has an edge over others because of its feasible location proves it difficult for new entrants (Knight, 2013, 124). In switching costs, Ku-De-Ta Hotel is faced with the threat of their rivals who offer substitute products and, thus, interfere with customer loyalty. This suggests that customers are susceptible to alternatives such as identifying hotels that have warm water instead of cold water. It, thus, is upon Ku-De-Ta Hotel

Assessment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Assessment - Essay Example A closed book exam, for example, requires the person being examined to rely on memory to answer the questions. Examinations are also formal or informal. Formal tests normally result in test scores or grades. A standardized test is a type of exam that is usually consistently administered and scored for legal defensibility (Thissen and Wainer, 2001). This type of exam is used in professional certification, education, psychology, military as well as many other fields. On the other hand, non-standardized tests are flexible in format and scope and also variable in significance and scope, as they depend on the person who has set the exam. Why this Assessment Instrument was Chosen This assessment instrument was chosen because it is a universal tool that is applied in many parts of the world. Moreover, it is approved and recognized by many countries, professional and academic bodies. Examination is also the best instrument of assessment because it is very valid and reliable. Almost every per son must undergo through an examination in many areas of life and hence, it is well known and appreciated by people of all races, ages, gender or social backgrounds. Importance of Examination Examination, as an assessment mode started in china and later spread to other parts of the world. Though it was historically used to select people who would serve in the government, it was later applied in education to determine the skills, knowledge and other qualifications of the candidates. ... grades from standardized tests are very useful because they determine if an individual qualifies for a certain job, professional or academic program (Phelps, 2005). In some countries, additionally, standardized tests are used to manage their institution’s quality. For instance, the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) applies (PISA), Program for International Student Assessment, to evaluate certain knowledge and skills of students who may be participating from many countries. Furthermore, Phelps, (2005) states that specific governing bodies use standardized exams to determine if the participant has the permission to practice a certain profession, use a certain job title, or claim competency in certain set skills. For instance, a candidate who wishes to be a lawyer is normally required to successfully pass a bar tests by governing bodies like governmental bar licensing agency. Exams are also used to regulate immigration in certain countries. In Australi a, for example, standardized tests are used to award citizenship to immigrants after passing the citizenship test. Competition is another importance of exams. Tests are used to select participants who have success potentials in a competition like school contests. Finally, examinations are used by social or other groups to select individuals who would join their groups. Mensa International, for instance, is a society with high IQ and requires individuals to at least score 98th percentile supervised IQ test to become members (Thissen, and Wainer, 2001). Validity and Reliability Examination is very reliable as an assessment tool especially in education and other professional qualifications. Thissen and Wainer, (2001) believes that standardized exams in education should be continued because it is

The principles and prospect of sustainable design Dissertation

The principles and prospect of sustainable design - Dissertation Example It passes unnoticed precisely because it is perfectly functional and its form flows seamlessly into the surrounding environment. For example, an comfortable chair passes unnoticed simply because it is comfortable and compatible with the human form. A well designed kitchen appliance, even something as simple as a can opener, passes unnoticed precisely when it functions easily and smoothly. At the same time design is intimately linked to the world around it. It is a product of wider technological processes and pervasive artistic influences. Fifty years ago issues around environmental problems largely passed unnoticed. However, in the last thirty years as environmental issues have become of increasing importance and awareness has grown of packaging waste, climate change and other issues design considerations have expanded to encompass environmental issues. More recently, emphasis on environmental issues has been replaced by an emphasis on sustainability. The following discussion will fo cus on the interrelationship between sustainability and design. Initially, the term sustainability will be explored and examined. Then the specific issue of sustainability and design will be analyzed. ... In fact, this proposal will argue that most of the 'sustainable' proposals fro rebuilding New Orleans are not sustainable as they neglect the key socio-cultural aspects of sustainable design. Subsequently, one simple proposal for reconstruction that is truly sustainable economically, environmentally and socio-culturally will be presented. The final section of this proposal will then consider how the specific proposal for sustainable reconstruction in New Orleans can be applied in a wider framework in other parts of the globe (notably the United Kingdom). Sustainability Discussion of the issue of sustainable design will commence with a consideration of the history (etymology) of the word sustain, the root of the term sustainability. According to the Online Etymological Dictionary the root of sustain comes from â€Å"late 13 century, from Old French sustenir "hold up, endure," from Latin sustinere "hold up, support, endure," from sub "up from below" + tenere "to hold".2 Thus, sustaina ble design is design that can be supported or held up by the economy, the environment and society. In the context of design, sustainable designs are those designs that can be supported by the environment. Sustainable designs are designs that do not deplete the resources of the environment, but rather can be supported by them. A short, widely accepted and functional definition of sustainability has existed since at least 1987 when the Report of the World Commission on Environment and Development: Our Common Future (commonly known as the Brundtland Report) was published. The World Commission on Environment and Development (WCED) stated, "Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future

Banking Crisis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Banking Crisis - Essay Example The crisis is thus perceived to have occurred as the result of exposure to Market Risks due to such risk transfer mechanisms (Banks normally are never exposed to market risks because they reply on internal systems in managing the credits) that caused many loopholes in the Credit Risk Management in management of lending to Sub-Prime customers. These customers are individuals or companies who do not have clean credit history or regular source of income. The Banks & Financial Institutions preferred to lend loans to Sub-Prime customers to avail the benefits of higher interest rates at a perceived calculated exposure of the investment capital to higher risks. To facilitate this in a secured and manageable manner, the banks & financial institutions used the mechanism of "Securitization" that essentially is the mechanism of distributing the risk of the lending to the investors outside the Banking system through a process. The process of "Securitization" resulted in the boom of Credit Deriva tive Market and was used extensively in the US Sub-Prime Mortgage Market by increasing the number of risky products but still reduce the liabilities on their balance sheets (thus shielding the same from external auditors). The money was shown to be flowing through so called "conduits" from investors to the borrowers through the SPV and SIV system. As described by experts the primary drawbacks that occurred in this process are poor valuations of assets acquired against the credit instruments thus resulting in uncertain asset valuation & high credit risk exposure that couldn't detect the imperfections in the Credit Markets. Even the external rating agencies got trapped in this mirage and couldn't predict the Sub-Prime crisis because the Securitization Process was extremely complex and the dependency was upon scattered and unreliable data outside the core banking system. Moreover, the Bank's risk assessment didn't demonstrate due diligence in screening the sub-prime borrowers and infor ming the investors about the associated risks in the so called securitized products. The overall system expanded uncontrollably and the competition became very stringent resulting in loans getting sanctioned at the flash of light and there was no time for adequate risk management. The actual risks ware completely covered under hyped data and analytics about the new credit instruments which, frankly no one understood correctly - not even the external auditors and the statutory & governance

The U-Build-It Hardware Company Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 9000 words

The U-Build-It Hardware Company - Term Paper Example In fact, the use of the Internet has become as frequent as fax machines and business cards in business marketing. The majority of businesses are well aware of the fact that the internet is a very helpful tool for better serving customers and reaching into the large number of people quickly and easily, thus they are adopting this technology to modernize their business environments. Seeing a large number of advantages and opportunities brought by the Internet to the business world, the business of U-Build-It has also decided to renovate its business setting through a modern Internet supported environment. Basically, U-Build-It deals in providing hardware related material and accessories. Up till now, they have been running and managing their business using traditional business approach as they have five stores/branches where people go and shop for their desired products. In other words, up till now U-Build-It has been using a traditional business process to carry out their business act ivities. But with the passage of time and advancement of information technology, the business has started feeling the need for a more up-to-date system. The business idea is built around making use of the Internet to provide its customers with the modern facilities for shopping and order self customized products. For this purpose, the management of U-Build-It Corporation has decided to implement an e-business solution. This e-business solution will allow U-Build-It’s customers to shop online and place orders via using the company’s web site. The implementation of this modern system will help U-Build-It modernize its business structure. It will be a dynamic web site which will be based on a front end and a back end. The front-end will be a web site. The customers will be able to view this web site using a link. They will be able to search the desired products and place orders online. All the information will be stored in the back-end database, which will be used by the staff members to process these orders. This presentation outlines a detailed system implementation plan for U-Build-It with a detailed analysis of various aspects associated with this transition. This presentation covers some of the important aspects of this implementation. In this scenario, we will discuss the system requirements and we will divide this plan into different phases and each phase will be discussed in

Pattern Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Pattern - Essay Example That measurement is needed to be considered so it will create the like. There are lots of techniques and procedures on how to have an exact work of putting pattern on a fabric. Pattern serves as the molder for a complete figure of the planned dress in a fabric. Preparing to Draft the pattern on a fabric is not an easy thing to do. Since fabrics are not hard enough to hold the marks that a sewer will do. We use to design a pattern on a fabric by first making a draft from a paper, the known draft can be produced. From this draft a pattern will taken from which the cloth shall be cut. In which the paper should be strong, firm and white or light, colored if pencil or graphite is to be used. If tailors chalk is to be used, a dark paper or rough texture is preferable. A squaring tool or ‘set square’ is also necessary, usually made of box-wood with brass ends. It is more convenient to use if one side of the square is about 60 cm long and the other shorter, about 30 cm long. It should be marked off in centimeters on both sides with zero at the angle. To start making the pattern on a fabric, first lay the fabric with strong ends and corners so that the marks will be made on its right plane or position. To start drafting the pattern this is the procedure that First, mark a point on the paper on the top right-hand corner about 10cm from the edges and the top ring it so O with a dot in the circle. Just make sure the â€Å"squaring† is accurate and the measurements are applied with care. Keep the drawing neat and tidy. It will be found that very soon the drafting procedure will become quite easy. When the draft is complete a pattern must be made from which the cloth will be cut. The principle of pattern cutting is to duplicate of the draft on to another piece of paper, but instead of an identical copy it is made in separate pieces according to how many parts the garments contents. The draft

Critical Writting Essay Example for Free

Critical Writting Essay The article Is Facebook Making Us Lonely was wrote by Stephen Marche and was published in the Atlantic. The article catch the eye of the reader because it can be relate to our daily life in this generation. Social network is a medium where everyone involve themselves in. The article is about the loneliness of the people that communicates using the social network. The social network can broaden ones companionship, but it will increase ones loneliness. The article starts with the story of a well-known artiste thats found dead in her own apartment, because shes alone in the house. The social network isolates the connection between a real friendship and a friendship for the sake of connecting. According to a research, loneliness drastically increase in a decade and most of the people are not happy with their life because of loneliness. However, the usage of social network is depending on its user, it can be use for the good, or the bad. The social network proves that theres no way to make one happier, better life or even more liberated version of humanity, but sometimes, it has its own benefits. The author believes that the loneliness is not something that the social network did, but rather it depends on ones themselves. The social network merely a medium to be connected to each other, but it relies on the user itself on how to use that technology on improving oneself. The author stated that one shouldn’t cast the blame of loneliness on the technology itself, because at some point, the technology does help in improving the lifestyle in this current modernise world. According the a study, 35 percent of adults older than 45 were chronically lonely, as opposed to 20 percent of a similar group only a decade earlier. Loneliness itself occurs even without the existence of social network. One’s will still feel the loneliness in oneself after some time. In this article, the author biased towards the Facebook that does make us lonely. Even if there’s some points that the author agreed that the loneliness is not all due to the existence of the social network, but the authors swing her writing towards the idea of the social network does make one feel lonelier. The author agreed that the social network can be the key  to ones solitude, but somehow, it will help to smoothen the interaction occurs between each other. The usage of social network itself defines ones loneliness but at times, it does help to widen the connectivity to other people. Though the social interaction between each others are need, but even so, loneliness still exist. The author doesn’t believe in the idea of a website that offer interconnected world is bogus. It also proven that the social interaction online proportionally increase one’s loneliness. With this, the author conclude that the social network does make one feel lonelier. The author have many sources and references that she refers to. There are few studies of various university included in the article. There are also survey include from the 2010’s AARP. Some of the studies are not relevant, but most of it are related to the topic itself. Though, part of the article was not about the social network that make us lonely, but it also proves that one can be lonely even without the social network or online social interactions. There are many examples given in the article regarding the issues. The author did have a few conflicted argument the references in part of the article. The targeted audience of this article is quite wide. The article itself revolves around the social network interactions where in our current modern world, most people have this kind of interactions and it is what happening in this current modernise world. There speculations on about the article, even in the social network on how it is not relatively related to nowadays lifestyle, but some part of the article did tell the truth. This article is really appropriate for those addicted Facebook user who did not see the bad influence of the social networking. The article is quite informative in my opinion. The author tried to show the positive and the negative side of the addiction to social network and how it affect oneself and make that person lonely. The information provided is packed with data from various sources, supporting and against the issues. Regardless, both side have their own strong points on the issues. It is all up to the audience to judge which is better for their life. There are logics  on each of the points provided, however one’s should know better which is a better choice for his life. In Stephen Marche’s â€Å"Is Facebook Making Us Lonely† article, she wrote that loneliness is a psychological state, not a matter of external conditions. In this contact she claimed that one become lonely because of the psychological matters, and external conditions doesn’t play any role in turning a person to be lonely. In my opinion this is wrong because the external conditions do play some roles in cause a person to feel lonely. Variety of conditions can cause a person to feel lonely. Conditions where causes the person to be neglected, and in time, he will feel lonely, after a while. Negligence of the people surround him will trigger his feeling of being left alone, thus it rose the lonely feeling in him. The author wrote that being lonely is extremely bad for your health. She claimed that if you’re lonely then the chances you get sicks is higher than one who are not, because you less likely doing recreational activities. This is not a right context because even you’re alone, it doesn’t mean that you’re less likely to do recreational activities. It is all depend on one’s will to do so. In this current era, most people who lived alone, like the one who live in studio apartment ( normally for one person only) they usually do have their own recreational activities like gym, etc. So, the writer’s idea of being alone or feeling lonely is bad for your health is wrong. If one’s will is strong enough to do their own health beneficial activities, this problem won’t occurred. In the article, Stephen Marche’s wrote that by using social network, popular kids popular while lonely skulker skulk alone, even on the social network, and she thinks that the social network is primarily only for lonely skulking. If she’s saying that social network can only use for lonely skulking, that’s wrong. The social network has many benefit and can be beneficial in many way. It’s all depends on the person use the social network and how is he going to utilise the function for his own good. The content of social network is wide, so it has it own pro and cons. Though, most people nowadays will fall to its cons, but that is up to that person  himself. For me, this is a good article for all the social network users out there. It will gave them a new light and let them grasp a new idea of how benefiting is the social network itself, and how it can also kill one’s feel and make them feel lonely. It will set a good example on what shouldn’t you do, and how to avoid yourself from feeling lonely. Reference Stephen Marche, (MAY 2012) Is facebook making us more lonely. ATLANTIC MAGAZINE [pic] BAE 1024 Advanced Management English Lecture : Mdm. Dahlia Syahrani Md. Yusof Name: Muhammad Zulthaqif 1081101498 Eddy Wong Chung Yii 1101109375

Anonymity and Loss of Self in Crowd Theory

Anonymity and Loss of Self in Crowd Theory Phillip Tyler In locating and explaining the place of anonymity in the behaviour of crowds, and its association with a loss of self (Dixon and Mahendra, 2012), an appeal must be made to crowd behavioral theory and evidence to support these theories. This paper will look to the history of the study of crowds, the process of de-individuation and the theory of crowds based on a theory of social identity to provide a picture of the place of anonymity in crowd theory, and the association with loss of self. The first instance of anonymity being a quality significant to crowd behaviour, can be found in the work of Le Bon. Le Bon laid foundations for the psychological study of crowds with his 1895 text La Psychologie Des Foules, in which he described crowds in generally negative and unfavourable ways. He remarked on their tendency towards impulsive behaviours, to become easily irritated and their seeming inability to use reason to decide action (Le Bon, 1896). This last quality was among the most important for Le Bon, as he believed that the crowd lost any individuals rationality and, therefore, could not be rational in itself. Instead, there existed a group mind that the individual became a part of, and this experience brought to the fore deeply hidden tendencies for aggression, leading to similarly aggressive actions, all of which was made possible by the removal of the rationality of thinking actions through to their consequences. The crowd was highly open to emotional and ideological suggestion, with sentiment able to move through the crowd swiftly as if such things were contagious (Dixon and Mahen dra, 2012). All this was made possible by the key feature of anonymity. Actions could be performed without thought for consequence because it was the crowd, and not the individual, performing the action; the individual remains unseen or anonymous, and hence defers responsibility for said action from them personally, to the crowd. For Le Bon, anonymity and loss of individual self were clearly and strongly associated, as when becoming part of the group the individual gave up their individuality. Le Bons work was based largely on distanced observation and his work was unsupported by evidence as would be required by modern psychology. He also had little experience of being in a crowd himself, this coupled with his belonging to a higher social class, could have led to his negative outlook on crowds. Though, it is mostly the lack of evidence that makes Le Bons case for anonymity less convincing, his was a stepping stone for other theorists and researchers to take the quality of anonymity on to sturdier ground. Anonymity was defined more clearly by Festinger, Pepitone and Newcome in 1952 as a reduction in the individuals perceptions that they are, personally, being noticed and evaluated for responsibility for actions performed (Dixon and Mahendra, 2012). This sense of anonymity was key to their theory that claimed that this reduced perception allowed an individual to stop seeing themselves as singular, but more immersed in the group, which then led to a group or crowd being able to be more uninhibited and impulsive than any one individual, a process they called deindividuation. This theory replaced Le Bons and was able to be formalised for the gathering of evidence by stating requirements for deindividuation to occur, measuring psychological changes in people in the deindividuated state and observing changes in behaviours. The association with loss of self can also be seen here, as the individual stops seeing themselves as singularly responsible, and part of something larger. Zimbardo (1969) put forward that the individual feels less morally culpable for any harm the group may cause. It is for this reason that each member of the group feels less responsible for the actions of the group as a whole that more violent and aggressive behaviour is sometimes exhibited (Dixon and Mahendra, 2012). Zimbardo found that participants in a scenario where some wore masks and cloaks to hide their appearance, gave higher electric shocks to other participants, than those with their appearances un-masked (Zimbardo, 1969). Robert Watson (1973) found that those involved in violent clashes with other groups, who had first altered their appearance with masks or paint, perpetrated more acts of heightened and prolonged violence than those that did not. Some research seeks to take measurements other than violence or aggression as a measure of the effects of anonymity. Participants in a darkened room took to feeling more intimate towards one another other as was evidenced by their conversation, touching and feelings of sexual arousal (Gergen, Gergen and Barton, 1973), over participants in a non-darkened condition. This experiment shows that aggression isnt the only possible outcome of anonymity, and may not be an inevitable one. The anonymity provided by the darkness allowed for curiosity to develop, producing the conversation of a more serious and intimate nature than the other condition produced, allowing for the possibility that its the context of the crowd plus anonymity, rather than anonymity on its own, that influences crowd behaviour (Dixon and Mahendra, 2012). When general social rules are not applicable, such as meeting strangers in the dark, curiosity rather than aggression was the response. This may still represent a loss of self, though not a negatively focused, aggressive or violent one. The loss of self in this example could be seen a s a dropping of usual personal inhibitions, then cued by the context of the crowd to pursue personal conversation rather than the violence seen in the previous examples. If violence is the measurement taken by the experiment, then that feature is present in the crowd context and taken up by deinvididuated participants, when this is not the case, participants are not naturally violent. When masked and told to administer electric shocks to participants, those dressed as Ku Klux Klan members did so with marginally more intensity than those in unmasked Ku Klux Klan costumes. Though, those dressed in nurses uniformed did so significantly less, when masked, compared to unmasked nurses, and both KKK groups (Johnson and Downing, 1979). This suggests, quite strongly that there is a loss of self that comes with anonymity, but that the contextual cues taken by participants , for example, from being dressed as part of a group whos associated qualities involved caring and compassion, are significantly important. If anonymity and a mask produced more violent behaviour in KKK costumes than unmasked, it does follow that there is to be an increase in caring and compassion from those dressed as nurses, in the masked versus the unmasked condition, because the participant relies on the qualities of the group they are associated with, and its these qualities that become exaggerated. T his may be a loss of self through anonymity, but in becoming part of the group, the groups social identity cues become guides for behaviour. An alternate view to the way deindividuation theory looks at crowd behaviour is to say rather than becoming part of a group mind, or losing ones rationality to the crowd through anonymity, crowds are made up of people with similar, if broader, social identities, and that these identities are exaggerated, or brought to the fore, by being a member of this group. Football matches are a good example. People who may have nothing else in common, but support the same football team, for example, may act in unison as a group when at a football game, as the contextual cues bring these in-group qualities to the fore. Anonymous in a crowd in a football stadium and identifying with the social context, rather than losing ones self, crowd members act according to their social identity. It is this social identity that provides guidelines for behaviour, rather than being the cause of breakdown of all social rules, leading to violent or aggressive behaviour (Dixon and Mahendra, 2012). Motivated by the context to act in ways approved by in-group values and to demonstrate in-group membership, behaviour can sometimes be predicted more accurately because the individuals desire to remain as part of the in-group means they tend to adhere more to in-group behavioural norms. Adhering close to ones social identity, when in a social setting, does not necessarily represent a loss of self, as the qualitie s being displayed are part of the individual as a whole, it is simply the context they are in that bring them to the fore. When viewed from an outsiders point of view, crowd behaviour seems to include an inevitable loss of self, stemming from the individuals experience of anonymity that leads to aggression and violent tendencies in behaviour. When violence is not the measurement taken, other outcomes are shown that include intimacy and conversation. The view of social identity theory is that individuals in crowds do not necessarily experience a loss of self, rather it is that social identity informs behaviour and in-group values and behavioural norms are more likely to influence behaviour of the group than individual identity. References Dixon, J., and Mahendra, K. (2012) Crowds in Holloway, W., Lucey, H., Phoenix, A. and Lewis, G. (eds) Social Psychology Matters, Milton Keynes, The Open University. Festinger, L., Peptone, A. and Newcome, T. (1952) as cited in Dixon and Mahendra (2012) p6. Gergen, K., Gergen, M. and Barton, W. (1973) as cited in Dixon and Mahendra (2012) p10. Johnson, R. D. and Downing, L. L. (1979) as cited in Dixon and Mahendra (2012) p8. Le Bon, G. (1896), as cited in Dixon and Mahendra (2012) p5. Watson, R. I. (1973) as cited in Dixon and Mahendra (2012) p8. Zimbardo, P. G. (1969) as cited in Dixon and Mahendra (2012) p6-7.

Speed of Light and Time Travel

Speed of Light and Time Travel Introduction The prospect of time travel has mystified and intrigued mankind for centuries. Time travel has been predominant in our culture and has formed the basis of a large portion of science-fiction works including H.G. Well’s â€Å"The Time Machine†. Whether they want to go back to the past to correct a mistake or journey to the future to experience the growth of mankind, everyone harbors a desire to travel in time. However, time is elusive. Everything about it is a mystery, from its existence to its workings. Even now, we are traveling into the future at a rate of one second per second. We can travel even faster by using light to our advantage. Although mankind cannot manipulate time with the current limitations in technology, time travel seems to be an almost inevitable part of the future. Einstein explains that places are moving at constant speeds relative to each other in his theory of Special Relativity. Soon after this theory was announced, scientists concluded that space and time were not really separate. They were actually part of the same entity, space-time, which is also known as the fourth dimension. And this allows us to travel through time. However, to perform a massive jump through time, the light speed barrier would need to broken. That is almost impossible with the present technology. However, new theories and hypotheses have been brought up which seem to signify that time travel could occur on a very large scale. By bending the laws of physics and light itself, we can theoretically travel in time. Indeed, theories about traveling in ultra-fast spaceships through the vast expanses of space to bending space-time have been brought up by numerous scientists. And the majority of these theories rely heavily on the use of light. The Relationship between Light and Time Light travels at a speed of 300,000 km/s. This speed, named c, is invariant. So, if we perform calculations on an object, the fixedness of c would cause other measurements to become variable (Clegg, 20). If this object starts nearing the speed of light, it would undergo massive changes, such as time distortion. In short, the object would experience time differently than an object moving at a slower speed (Jones Robbins, 281). This is known as time dilation. The effects of time dilation can be seen clearly when muons, particles with a life expectancy of 2.2 microseconds that travel at 98 percent light speed, survive their fall to Earth from an altitude of 15 km (Clegg 22). Einstein’s theories play a massive role in the understanding of time. Special Relativity proves that the time on a clock which is placed on a spaceship far from Earth passes much faster than the time observed on a clock close to the surface to Earth (Clegg 80). The other theory, General Relativity, shows that matter causes gravity and space to warp and light to curve (Jones and Robbins, 91). Gravity influences time, causing it to slow down. For example, atomic clocks situated in space gain an additional 46 microseconds every day. Experiments show that the two theories of relativity actually oppose each other (Clegg, 32). As we approach the speed of light, time beings to slow down. For instance, consider a spaceship traveling with a speed close to 150,000 kilometers per second for 10 years. It will fall behind by 2.7 years by the time it reaches Earth because it travels at half the speed of light (Clegg, 83). Moving at a speed closer to the speed of light causes an object to move forwards in time. Moving at the speed of light causes time to stop for that object (Science Channel). It is only logical for relativity to suggest that if we manage to break through the speed light barrier, time might start flowing backwards. (Clegg, 20) However, it is impossible to guarantee that after breaking the speed of light things would continue in a smooth manner as the light speed barrier is a discontinuity in reality (Clegg, 23). Breaking through the Light Speed Barrier Using fuel to power a spaceship to reach a speed even remotely close to light speed is nearly impossible. That is because the mass of the fuel grows exponentially with the speed of the rocket (Parsons, 159). The Russian scientist Tsiolkovsky found out that the maximum speed of a rocket is proportional to the speed at which it spits out its exhaust (Benson). This causes ordinary engines to travel at a very slow speed. On the other hand, an ion drive, a type of spacecraft engine, generates exhaust speeds of over 200,000 m/s. However, only a small mass of fuel is accelerated at a time, making the net acceleration very gradual. The fastest speed it can acquire is 700,000 m/s which is only 0.2 percent light speed (Parsons, 159). It is more feasible to use solar sails, a new kind of spacecraft propulsion (Parsons, 161). The sun radiates electromagnetic waves, and the pressure of this electromagnetic output powers the solar sails. They work because light energy and electromagnetic radiation is converted to kinetic energy, which is essentially motion (Clegg, 91). Scientist speculate that it can achieve a speed of 75,000,000 m/s, about 25 percent light speed, when fused with an ion drive. (Parsons, 161) However, as the ship drifts off farther into space, it becomes harder for the sun to power it for a long period of time, and this might lead to its failure (Clegg, 91). General Relativity could be used to build a ‘warp drive’ that would allow a spaceship to travel faster than light. Mexican scientist Miguel Alcubierre envisioned arranging matter in such a way that would cause the space-time behind of the ship to expand and the space-time in front of the ship to contract (Alcubierre L73). By doing this, the piece of space containing the ship and its destination would be crossed extremely fast. In order to achieve this, ‘exotic matter’, a material possessing negative pressure and mass, would be required. Unfortunately, only tiny amounts of exotic matter have been created experimentally. To produce a working warp drive, a quantity of exotic matter equal to a third of the mass of the sun would be required (Parsons 163). The Possibility of Time Travel Traveling at a speed close to the speed of light enables us to advance into the future. A brilliant example is the Twin Paradox (Clegg 83). To comprehend the Twin Paradox, it is necessary to visualize a pair of hypothetical twins first. If one journeys to space on a super-fast spaceship and then returns home after spending quite some time in space, he would find that he has aged far slower than his counterpart on Earth. By traveling at a speed close to the speed of light, he has would have effectively traveled into the future (Jones Robbins, 291). The laws of physics do not exempt the possibility of traveling faster than light (Mark 211). The warp drive does not damage any rules. Alcubierre states: â€Å"When we study special relativity we learn that nothing can travel faster than the speed of light. This fact is still true in general relativity, though in this case one must be somewhat more precise: in general relativity, nothing can travel locally faster than the speed of light.† When warp drives are out of the question, scientists still think it is possible to find particles that travel faster than light, and some have already started challenging Albert Einstein’s claim that nothing can go faster than light (Padmanabha 8). Of course, that faster-than-light travel would probably violate the law of causality, or cause and effect (Mark 217), but that hasn’t stopped people from trying. Nevertheless, it would be nearly impossible for a large object to break through the light speed barrier. Einstein was the first one to show us that mass and energy were interlinked (Jones Robbins, 88). So it only goes to say that an object that is accelerating at a high speed would have to undergo an increase in mass. Therefore, a large amount of energy would be required to keep the body accelerating (Jones Robbins, 282). However, as the object would start to approach the speed of light, the energy required to keep it accelerating would keep on growing until it becomes infinite at the light speed barrier (Parsons, 162). At that speed, it would be impossible to power to any object, unless its mass is zero, of course. Conclusion The speed of light allows us to experiment with time and manipulate it to successfully travel through time. Despite the many objections raised to this subject, the number of hypotheses surrounding this field of study keeps on increasing day by day. After all, in some instances, time travel has been proved to be successful. As the world progresses and technologies become more advanced, scientists start looking for ways to use the space-time dimension to establish time travel or prove the numerous theoretical possibilities false. Paradoxes and oddities keep on surfacing at every stage, leading people to say that time travel is impossible. They ignore the fact that time travel has been accomplished and that some people have already taken tentative steps towards venturing into the future. Mankind has been in existence for a long period of time. As the human race progresses, it makes new discoveries in the field of science and technology everyday. Our conception of truth changes as time passes. The general populace sees time travel as something impossible. They believe that this only belongs to the genre of science fiction. However, beliefs tend to change. In the past, people used to find many ideas incredulous. With the passing of time, these concepts came to be accepted as facts. And today, these facts are taken as granted. Although time travel is not entirely feasible today, physics does make it theoretically possible. Maybe in the next couple of generations or so, mankind might attempt the first large-scale exploration of time. In the end, though, everything depends on time itself.

Understanding My Social Location and Experiences Essay -- Personal Exp

The intersection of dominant ideologies of race, class, and gender are important in shaping my social location and experiences. By exercising my sociological imagination (Mills, 1959), I will argue how my social location as an Asian American woman with a working class background has worked separately and together to influence how I behave, how others treat and view me, and how I understand the world. The sociological imagination has allowed me to understand my own â€Å"biography†, or life experiences by understanding the â€Å"history†, or larger social structures in which I grew up in (Mills, 1959). First, I will describe my family’s demographic characteristics in relation to California and the United States to put my analysis into context. I will then talk about how my perceptions of life opportunities have been shaped by the Asian-American model minority myth. Then, I will argue how my working class location has impacted my interactions in institutional settings and my middle/upper class peers. Third, I will discuss how gender inequalities in the workplace and the ideological intersection of my race and gender as an Asian-American woman have shaped my experiences with men. I will use Takaki’s (1999) concepts of model minority myth and American identity, Race; The Power of an Illusion (2003), Espiritu’s (2001) ideological racism, People Like Us: Social Class in America (1999) and Langston’s (2001) definition of class to support my argument. Before I analyze how my social location has influenced my experiences, I need to talk about my family’s demographic characteristics in comparison to our community and the larger U.S. society: In my hometown, Asians make up the third largest racial group (23%). Whites make up 51.3% and H... ...ding white, male superiority. Back in high school, I dated a non-Asian male from my class who often talked about how Asian women are â€Å"hot and sexy† yet â€Å"more faithful to men and less aggressive than White women.† At the time, I thought this was a compliment and I often tried to conform to this stereotype in order to satisfy my partner. Images of Asian-American women as both innocent and dangerous have legitimized any racist and sexist policies directed at Asians and women. Works Cited People Like Us: Social Class in America http://www.pbs.org/program/people-like-us/ Race; The Power of an Illusion (2003) http://www.pbs.org/race/000_General/000_00-Home.htm Takaki, R. (1999). The myth of the â€Å"model minority.† In D. M. Newman (Ed.), Sociology: Exploring the architecture of everyday life: Readings (pp. 255-259). Thousand Oaks, CA: Pine Forge

Urban Legends on the Web Essay -- Exploratory Essays Research Papers

Urban Legends on the Web Urban legends are fascinating to almost everyone, and it would follow that there would be many websites available for the discussion of them. A simple search turns up thousands of "hits" on the subject, so how do we know which ones to believe? A good research site will have detailed information explaining the confirmation or rejection of the legend. References must be cited, especially when a legend is being "proven" as true. In addition, the site should also be easy to navigate and convenient. In my own curiosity, I have come across two sites that are excellent, the About.com Urban Legend Guide, and the Urban Legend Reference Page found at www.snopes.com, which was created by the San Fernando Valley Folklore Society. In contrast, there are websites (not to mention e-mail chain letters) that perpetuate false legends, and those that just do a poor job of evaluating them. In this category is the Urban Myth Archive, an amateur archive of myths heard in New Hampshire and Monkeyburgers, a site filled with interesting legends, but lacking adequate proof to back the conclusions. The About.com Urban Legend Guide, address, http://urbanlegends.about.com/culture/beliefs/urbanlegends/mbody.htm?COB=home&PM=112_100_T, is an invaluable resource for researching urban legends. Upon signing into the page, the reader is given a list of topics to choose from, which always includes currently circulating hoaxes and legends as well as an archive full of information on every conceivable legend and internet hoax. Around Halloween time, of course, there are ghost stories and legends of the past that are explained and critiqued, but I found the most interesting section to be the one on e-mail hoaxes. Every individual with a... ...good research tool, but it needs some more concrete evidence. After all, how can we believe that the author is correct without proof? That is as silly as believing an urban legend just because your brother's girlfriend's cousin told you so. In my search for urban legend sites, I found an incredible amount of information on the net, some of it high quality, professionally presented information, and the rest simply unverified. The truth is that the connection we experience as part of the World Wide Web can either work for or against us. If we choose to evaluate information carefully before we accept it, and, more importantly, before we pass it on to others, the Web is invaluable. If, however, we take the information from a website and assume it is true without adequate proof, we are just perpetuating myths and untruths. This is the importance of critical reading.

William Morris Essay example -- Visual Arts Paintings Art

William Morris William Morris, English poet, artist, socialist reformer, and innovator in the Arts and Crafts Movement. He was born in Walthamstow, then a village, and moved to a grand residence there called Water House at the age of 14 - this has since become the William Morris Gallery. He studied at Oxford with the intention of becoming a clergyman, but while there he met Edward Coley Burne-Jones, also studying for the church, and they both began to turn towards art. They were persuaded by Rossetti to give up the studies and become artists. Morris did a year in architectural practice of G. E. Street, and then turned to painting. However, he soon found that his metier was design. The cooperative attempt to decorate his new house (the Red House, built by Philip Webb) at Bexleyheath, south east of London, lead to the setting up of the firm Morris, Marshall, Faulkner and Co. The partners were Morris, Burne-Jones, Rossetti, Ford Madox Brown, Philip Webb, Charles Faulkner, and Peter Paul Marshall, a surveyor. The firm was set up as a 'company of Fine Art Workmen', designing and producing (or at least supervising the production of) furniture, wallpaper, murals, tapestry work, stained glass windows, metalwork, tapestries, and smaller works such as tiles and embroidery. It started in 8 Lion Square, London, where there was sufficient space for workshops, showrooms, and a kiln in the basement for tile production. The firm later became simply Morris and Co. when Morris - always bless...

Biblical Women in Popular Culture

In today’s culture where individualism is emphasized and especially that women are encouraged to assume equal roles as men would normally take, two or three decades ago, it is very difficult to see eye to eye with how women are portrayed in the Bible during biblical times. â€Å"Girl power† or women empowerment is the rule of the day for women nowadays. Although, of course, all women as all men have the right to lead in the sense that they have the same intrinsic capacity to influence, the role of leadership has been blown out of proportion by feminist groups as they apply it to women.The result of this over blown leadership role of women has been the constant battle between members of opposite sexes in many significant areas within society. It has affected the homes, government and non-government institutions, down to the smallest entity that has within its membership men and women. The aim of this paper is to draw a comparison between Biblical projection of women (as portrayed in the Bible and the movie â€Å"One Night With The King†) and today’s popular culture’s endeavour to depict the function of women (McMurray, 2007).While at the moment, the common cry of women is equality to both genders as it is reflected in women’s roles in the family, in public places, and the obliteration of the stereotyped designation of females in past decades which until now has its bearing in the minds of the general public the consequent outcome of this campaign is prevalent in almost every area where function is concerned. In the late 1960s, women’s movement began to blossom.It was stirred by the then sentiment of repulsion to the tasks being typecasted among women. Women’s movement of the 60s aimed to question the menial duties relegated to women such as getting married, becoming a housewife and afterwards attending to household chores (including raising children), and when outside opportunity comes for them to work, the y’re consigned to answering phones, photocopying, etc (Encarta, 2006). The scenery has been changed and is no longer the same as in the past 30 or 40 years.The typical woman today is one that is among the working class – no longer confined to house premises, but working and providing as much as her male counterparts. She can be the manager or an executive of an established firm where most of the male employees are under her command. Equality in roles has now been achieved. Whereas this status and depiction of women in itself is not outright negative, the undercurrent force that it has created is the programming of the minds of today’s women to be resistant to the biblical description of their role as they are teamed with men.Instead of seeing male and female partnership as complimentary to both sexes, the danger of too much emphasis on equality especially when it is defined merely in domestic and public functions is the threat that masculinity poses to womanhood . It is good for women to fight for their basic equal rights with men as members of this global community, but if it results in certain imbalances because the aim has become the dethronement of the opposite gender, then the battle for equality has now turned into fight for superiority of the female sex.Biblical Women in Biblical Text The movie â€Å"One Night with the King† has successfully showed to modern world the right balance when it comes to understanding the woman’s role. In the film, the first of these lessons on womanhood could be derived from the example of Queen Vashti, King Xerxes’ dethroned Queen. Vashti’s removal as Queen was hastened by her attitude towards her King as she turned down King Xerxes’ request â€Å"to show her beauty to the people and the officials† (Esther 1:11, NKJV The Holy Bible 1982).At the very outset of this biblical narrative, there was already a sort of struggle as to whether the King should be obeyed in whatever demands he make or not. The whole picture of the Persian Kingdom’s celebration included not only King Xerxes’ feasting with people and officials but also Queen Vashti’s party which she arranged for â€Å"the women in the royal palace† (Ibid). In biblical times, kings command absolute obedience to their subjects. They could do everything at whim even the execution of their citizens.However, to what extent should Queen Vashti needed to â€Å"show her beauty to the people† at the King’s bidding, one cannot determine for sure. If it meant the exposure of the beauty of her naked body before the expectant public, it was wise and courageous for her to refuse even if it was a direct violation of the royal protocol. She was submissive to the King until this point of their relationship. Esther, however, as she is the main protagonist in the story, much of the lessons on women can be extracted from her life’s example. The first is her c ourage to risk her life for others.When she was finally raised to the high position of a Queen, she did not forget but rather remained committed to the preservation and welfare of her people. Until today, this virtue of selfless courage is admired in the world. It is one of the sought after virtues of leadership which unfortunately is lacking in many of those occupying leadership positions. The courage that the life of Esther showed in the story was not independent courage which resulted from a stubborn will. It was a courage constantly tempered by another life, the life of her cousin and mentor, Mordecai.She allowed herself to be constantly advised and influenced by the one who helped her reached her current high position. She remained as humble as she was in spite of the great changes and promotion that happened to her. She did not forget where she came from and did not abandon her people. It was Esther’s submissive attitude that brought her to the high position of being Qu een to King Xerxes in stead of Vashti. Contrary to what is being promoted today by our culture, Esther continued living her life (even as Queen) in a responsible manner.It is the dream of many young women today to wade their way through life to reach the point where there will be no one to hold them accountable anymore or have somebody to check them. Example after example of young celebrities have been the focus of media and news headlines that project the common outcry of many which hailed them to be the representations of American dream. Most of these modern-day models are strong-willed, carefree, and want to believe that life can be lived irresponsibly with no accountability. Esther’s example, on the other hand, stands in stark contrast to common perception of women in popular culture.Effects of Non-Biblical Portrayal of Womanhood Because of this non-biblical portrayal of women in our society, a lot of damaged has been inflicted on the minds of the majority of people. For one thing, the current trend of thinking is resistant to the Biblical teachings regarding women. The common minds have been preconditioned to reject and to not understand the Biblical ideals of what females should be. As a result, when femininity is the question, people would rather look to non-biblical sources as authority than the Bible.Non-biblical portrayal of women has pre-programmed people to reject biblical standards. When that happens, society begins to have problems because the standards have become different. Its negative effects include the entertainment of a different kind of criteria by which we look at what qualities should our average women possess. This is reflected in the women’s attempt to pursue what are not beneficial to them, simply because they have adopted rules or guidelines that are to them may put them in better position in this very competitive society.Other things that are currently occurring include the perversion of the role that women play befor e the eyes of the greater public. Roles that actually begin to evolve and never to bring the women to healthier assessment of themselves but either a view that makes them as simply objects of perversions or whimsical creation of a role that is not only sickening but also in reality, harder than the real, and more biblical portrayal of women.Femininity then, is very important to be defined and assessed according to real thing: the biblical benchmarks. Women will begin to see themselves the way God sees them then. As partners in the fulfilment of God’s grand design and when women start to accept the roles as defined by the bible, they then develop into healthy â€Å"organisms† capable of even settling into times when to be in the background is still very acceptable. Reference:1. Encarta Dictionary 2006. (DVD) 2. Maxwell, John, 2000. Commentary on Esther. P. 600. The Maxwell Leadership Bible. 3. McMurray, Sheri. â€Å"One night with the King† review. Christian Spot light. Accessed Sept. 24, 2007. 3. New King James Version, 2000. Maxwell Leadership Bible. Maxwell Motivation , Inc. (Thomas Nelson Publishing).

Associates vs Bachelor Degree in Nursing Essay

Bachelor gunpoint treat programs are highly regarded for the skilled, clinical thinking, and professionalism of comfortmaids they furnish for the association. Obtaining a baccalaureate in take for provides the same skills and knowledge encompassed in close to associates programs, while exclusivelyowing a broadened look into research, frequent health, counseling, and humanities (AACN IENP, 2012). many a(prenominal) facilities are now providing incentives for treat rung to continue their facts of life from tuition reimbursement, an append in pay, and played time dispatch for the sole purpose of education.Research has turn up that with a much educated care for populous there is a pass in morality rates and medication errors, and it also provides more positive outcomes (AACN occurrence Sheet, 2012). With such a high submit for nourishs, the scope of care for has become more comprehensive with a larger debt instrument being cropd on obtains. both of this h as shown not sole(prenominal) to the medical topic yet also policymakers and other leadership of the community that a high(prenominal) aim of education not only makes a difference, but many feel it should be a requirement.The difference mingled with a baccalaureate and associates degree program whitethorn seem obscure at first, but looking into the information and research that students apprize in a four family program verses a three form program can be shocking. When looking into the core requisites requested to graduate with a bachelors verses an associates, some obvious differences are the high takes of English, math, communication, and pathophysiology involve to graduate with a BSN.Also, the higher level course work required to complete a bachelors shows the necessity of exact thinking and research a nurse needs to even graduate. Once ultimo the prerequisites required for a bachelors in nursing we bemuse to exam the nursing course work itself. As stated befor e, most of the associates program is compound in a bachelors degree with an associates the clinical experience is more limited to the clinical setting hospitals, nursing skilled facilities, and rehab centers, where as many bachelors programs also included public and community projects.Bachelors programs also endow a broader focus on ethics, religion and spirituality, research, world(a) awareness and public health, as wholesome as nursing leadership and management (GCU, n. d. ). treat care is focused on the assessment, nursing diagnoses, planning, implementation, and evaluation of long-suffering of ofs. This nursing swear out can also be utilize in aspects outside of nursing and on the nursing field as a collective group. The nursing role is evolving, sideline the process the outcomes have to be evaluated and put into perspective.Research is being completed the conclusions are all the same, the higher education of nursing care the bettor the patient outcomes. In an article published in wellness Services Research in wonderful 2008 that examined the effect of nursing practice environments on outcomes of hospitalized cancer patients undergoing surgery, Dr. Christopher Friese and colleagues found that nursing education level was significantly associated with patient outcomes. Nurses fain at the baccalaureate-level were linked with lower deathrate and failure-to-rescue rates.The authors conclude that moving to a nurse workforce in which a higher proportion of staff nurses have at least a baccalaureate-level education would expiry in substantially fewer adverse outcomes for patients. (AACN Fact Sheet, 2012) A Jewish patient is awaiting discharge after(prenominal) receiving an open oculus procedure. The difference a bachelors educated nurse and an associate degree nurse may have on the patient can be obscure in this scenario.A bachelors nurse pull up stakes have a better sagacity of the pathophysiology of this patients condition, instead of provid ing charge on just the patient after care of the procedure the higher level education testament allow the nurse to incorporate teaching of the patients condition that brought along the cause of the procedure, the nurse go out be provide a broader education base to financial aid the patient better understand the treatment and the conditions that they may face.The bachelors nurse will be fitted to better identify environmental factors, sustenance and exercise factors, and other stresses that could be changed to campaign health wellness for the patient. The bachelors nurse will be more aware of community based health assistance and programs that will help the patient make more positive health changes. The bachelors nurse will be more aware of the patients religious requirements and needs, this may help the patient in making better overall health and wellness decisions.Also, BSN nurses have a more in-depth education in regards to ethics and religion, this may provide a more trust ing bond between the nurse and patients allowing the patient to see that the nurse is there for providing care not only in his treatment but all aspects of the patients wellbeing. The history of nursing provides a great foundation and bet on how nursing came into existence and how nursing has always strived for higher education. Before valet de chambre War II great strides were make for university nursing programs, with the onset of war and the need for nurses, diploma and associates nursing found its place (Creasia and Friberg, 2011).Many feel that the nursing dearth is the reason that diploma and associates nurses programs still exist. Though, with the development population that has increasing comorbidities it is more significant than ever for nurses to have higher education. References American Association of Colleges of Nursing. 2012. Fact Sheet Creating a More Highly Qualified Nursing Workforce. Retrieved from http//www. aacn. nche. edu/media-relations/NursingWorkforce. pd f American Association of Colleges of Nursing. 2012. The Impact of tuition on Nursing Practice.Retrieved from http//www. aacn. nche. edu/media-relations/fact-sheets/impact-of-education Creasia and Friberg. (2011). Conceptual foundations The twosome to professional nursing practice. (5th ed. ) St. Louis, Missourit Mosby Inc. Retrieved from http//pageburstls. elsevier. com//books/978-0-323-06869-7/pages/47247567 Grand canyon University. (n. d. ). Registered Nurse to Bachelor of Science in Nursing (RN to BSN). Retrieved from http//www. gcu. edu/degree-programs/registered-nurse-to-bachelor-of-science-in-nursing.